ViBJT › Business keigo
Business keigo for the BJT
Keigo appears in all three BJT parts, especially in 発言聴解 (choosing the right thing to say). Knowing whose action it is removes most wrong answers.
Three kinds of keigo
- 丁寧語 (polite): です・ます, used with everyone at work.
- 尊敬語 (respectful): raises the actions of clients and superiors, e.g. a client says → おっしゃる.
- 謙譲語 (humble): lowers your own actions and those of your side (including your boss when speaking to a client), e.g. I say → 申す.
Common verbs
| Verb | Meaning | Polite 丁寧語 | Respectful 尊敬語 | Humble 謙譲語 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 行く | go | 行きます | いらっしゃる・おいでになる | 伺う・参る |
| 来る | come | 来ます | いらっしゃる・お見えになる・お越しになる | 参る |
| いる | be (somewhere) | います | いらっしゃる | おる |
| 言う | say | 言います | おっしゃる | 申す・申し上げる |
| 見る | see, look | 見ます | ご覧になる | 拝見する |
| 食べる・飲む | eat, drink | 食べます | 召し上がる | いただく |
| する | do | します | なさる | いたす |
| 知る | know | 知っています | ご存じだ | 存じる・存じ上げる |
| 聞く | hear, ask | 聞きます | お聞きになる | 伺う・拝聴する |
| 会う | meet | 会います | お会いになる | お目にかかる |
| もらう | receive | もらいます | お受け取りになる | いただく・頂戴する |
| あげる | give | あげます | — | 差し上げる |
Common mistakes
- Humble form for a client's action: ✗ お客様が明日伺います. Correct: お客様が明日いらっしゃいます.
- Adding さん or 様 to your own boss when talking to an outside client: say 「田中は席を外しております」.
- Double keigo (二重敬語) such as おっしゃられる: おっしゃる is enough.
FAQ
What is the difference between 尊敬語 and 謙譲語?
尊敬語 raises other people's actions; 謙譲語 lowers your own and your side's.
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